黄浦区第一学期高三期终调查测试英语试题

（完卷时间： 120 分钟 满分： 140 分）

Ⅱ. Grammar and Vocabulary

Section A

Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.

Asleep on a plane: a case for window seats

I love to sleep on planes, and I have an unusual ability to sleep well on them. There have even been one or two  occasions ____________________I have fallen asleep before takeoff  and awakened upon the impact of landing, not having realized we had even left the ground. So when  ____________________

my flights, I always choose the window seat whenever possible. This allows me to lean my sleepy head against the wall of the plane for a bit ____________________ comfort.

Some ____________________argue that the aisle（走廊）seat is superior for the leg space and the

ability to get off swiftly and eye the snack cart. But in reality, we’re all getting our drinks and snacks

____________________seconds. Also, I find that if a person knows he’s in a window seat, he’ll   choose to use the bathroom before boarding so that he ____________________ to disturb his neighbor, which is just considerate. And he’ll seize the opportunity to get up when another seatmate gets up so that the seatmate needn’t ____________________ more than once.

As a photographer and visually oriented person, the window seat gives me the best views of cottony clouds, or a great sunset, or golden sunrise, etc. Most of all,     ________________________________________

I’ve been flying for years, I still get pleasure of seeing my departing city or country  ____________________

 into the distance, and the butterflies in my stomach when I see the horizon of my destination come into view. And those feelings of adventure and excitement are ____________________keep me coming back , flight after flight, to my window seat.

Section B

Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

Beyond Mobile Money: The Future of Asia’s FinTech

Mobile money has been the hottest part in financial technology for the last few years. But FinTech is more than just how people store money and transact（买卖）-- the space is much more horizontal, short cutting how we create, share, and protect value.

The latest product of FinTech companies to  31  in Asia Pacific illustrates the many ways the space can help consumers beyond just their mobile wallet. It is important for all businesspersons to be aware of these trends, as their success opens up all sorts of possibilities for companies to

__________32____________________with them. And, on a much deeper level, new FinTechs may    33____________________consumer expectations in even other tech industries.

The Smart-phone Emerges a Credit - Scoring Standard

With close to half a billion 34 consumers in Southeast Asia alone, there is an entire industry of FinTechs devoted to finding ways to accurately determine their credit - worthiness to give them 35 to finance. Unfortunately, since they don’t have bank accounts, such FinTechs  cannot rely on     36     financial information or credit card payments.

One credit scoring source emerging as a new standard in the field is smart-phone-based credit scoring. It has   37   broad global support, including from the likes of the World-Bank. In  one of its reports, the Asian Development Bank even stated that mobile data was a key to financial

__________38    , as it could improve customer recording, and, in turn, get an access to credit.

人工智能 Combines with the Wisdom of the Crowd

The most common slogan in today’s tech headlines is the “artificial intelligence.” Readers are fascinated with how 人工智能 has  the     39____________________to transform every consumer and enterprise（企业）

industry.  While such focus is appropriate that 人工智能   will     40__________change the world, it leaves   out a crucial element that will go hand - in - hand with its rise: the wisdom of the crowd.

Ⅲ. Reading Comprehension Section A

Directions: For each blank in the following passage, there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.

Endangered languages can be found throughout the world. Many languages now have fewer than 100 or even fewer than 10 speakers. The crisis is not limited to remote regions of the world. When Europeans first arrived in North America, 312 different languages were 41 , of  which 123 are now known to be extinct. Of the  42   languages, most speakers are grandparents and great - grandparents.

Different researchers offer different definitions of “endangered”. The system of        43____________________

used by the Catalogue of Endangered Languages evaluates languages in four areas: the   44    of  all the speakers, how often the language is conveyed to the next 45 , the rate at which it is losing speakers and the   46   in which it is used. based on this data, languages are ranked on a six -   point scale from “safe” to “severely endangered.” The midpoint, “endangered” refers to language with between 100 and 1,000 speakers who represent about half of the language’s community or ethnic group. The language is spoken only by some parents, of whom very few teach it to their children. It is     47     used at home and is not taught in schools or used for government business.

Languages become endangered due to a number of 48 factors including globalization, economics, technology, education policy, and changes in 49 attitudes. As the forces  of  globalization make the world more interconnected, previously 50  language communities come under pressure to participate in a larger economy, which means learning the area’s majority language.

__________51 , local schools often begin to teach the majority language instead of the local tongue. Local languages also 52 as communities adopt mobile phones and computers most of which run on software that has been translated into only a handful of languages. This trend   53   as these   devices connect users to the Internet. At this point, many communities undergo a cultural       54____________________

in which parents no longer value the language enough to teach it to their children.

Initiatives to 55 endangered languages have become more numerous in recent years. These efforts tend to focus on two main areas: the documentation of endangered languages, and efforts to increase the use of endangered languages among younger speakers and in the community at large.

Section B

Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have read.

Many of China’s ancient architectural treasures smashed to dust before Lin Huiyin and Liang Sicheng began documenting them in the 1930s. The husband and wife team were among the first preservationists to operate in China, and by far the best known. Their efforts have since inspired generations of people to speak out for architecture threatened by the rush toward development.

Becoming China’s best architectural historians was no easy accomplishment. The buildings they wanted to save were centuries old located in distant parts of the country. In many cases, they had to journey through dangerous conditions in the Chinese countryside to reach them. Exploring China’s remote areas during the 1930s meant traveling muddy, poorly maintained roads by mule

（ 骡 子 ）or on foot. Inns were often dirty food could be polluted, and there was always risk or

violence from rebels, soldiers and robbers.

Their greatest discovery was the Temple of Buddha’s Light, in Wutai County, Shanxi Province. The breathtaking wooden temple was built in 857 A. D., making it the oldest building known in China at the time.

Liang and Lin crawled into the temple’s most forbidding, forgotten areas to determine its age, including one hideaway inhibited by thousands or bats and millions of bedbugs, covered in dust and littered with dead bats. “In complete darkness and among the awful smell, hardly breathing, with thick masks covering our noses and mouths, we measured, drew, and photographed with flashlights for several hours. When at last we came out to take a breath of fresh air, we found hundreds of bedbugs in our bag. We ourselves had been badly bitten. Yet the importance and unexpectedness of our find made those the happiest hours of my years hunting for ancient architecture.” Liand wrote of the experience in an account included in “Liang and Lin; Partners in Exploring China’s Architectual Past.”

56. On their way to the ancient buildings in 1930s, Liang and Lin faced following risks   EXCEPT

____________________.

A. accommodations B. personal security C. road conditions D. vehicles

57. Liang and Lin raised public awareness of____________________.

A. documenting smashed historical buildings B. rebuilding historically valuable buildings

C. saving the oldest temples in China D. Protecting historical buildings.

58. While exploring the Temple of Buddha’s Light, ____________________

A. Liang and Lin caught insects with awful smell.

B. Liang and Lin were forbidden to breathe inside

C. Liang and Lin were pleased at something unhoped for

D. Liang and Lin determined its age by studying bedbug’s hideaway

59. Which of the following is the best title for the passage?

A. Creativeness results in discovery B. Difficulty produces achievement

C. Efforts contribute to happiness D. Responsibilities make development

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61. Which of the following words best describe its “ink container”?

 

A. Adaptable B. Automatic. C. cosplayt - effective. D. Eco - friendly.

 

62. If you order this type of printer online today,____________________.

 

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① Risk is something we face daily. However, some people are obviously more willing to take risks than others.

② Biologists appear to have discovered a physical reason that explains why some people are risk - takers. Dopamine is a neurotransmitter, a chemical that spreads signals between nerve cells. It is linked to the brains reward system and is the chemical that makes us feel good, and

scientists believe it to be inked to risk - taking. Our nerve cells have dopamine receptors（接收器）

which control the amount of dopamine that each cell receives. But not all receptors may be active. When a person had few active receptors to control the amount of dopamine that is received, a cell can become flooded resulting in an extreme feeling of happiness.

③ researchers at Vanderbilt University and Albert Einstein College of Medicine asked  34

men and women to complete a questionnaire about their risk taking to assess whether they seek new opportunities or are cautious in life. The results of the research were consistent with similar studies carried out with rats, and had the same outcome. It concluded that people who are risk-takers have fewer dopamine receptors than people who are not. This suggests that the rush of pleasure a risk taker receives when a cell becomes flooded with dopamine can become addictive for some people. They therefore pursue new and exciting activities in order to try to repeat this feeling, and as a result their concern for risk becomes considerable reduced.

④ Dopamine gives us a biological reason for risk - taking, but scientists believe there may

be psychological reasons too. Sensation - seeking is a personality characteristic that describes the desire to find activities that bring us pleasure. In 1964, psychologist Marvin Zuckerman created the sensation - seeking scale. His 40 -item questionnaire, still used today, was given to people who were active in seeking new activities, and to people who were more satisfied with a quiet life. While risk

- taking is not a characteristic in itself, it is very much associated with sensation - seeking, as a high sensation - seeker does not evaluate risk in the same way that a low sensation - seeker does. a desire to achieve pleasure means that there is a greater willingness to take more risks.

⑤ There are both biological and psychological explanations as to why some people   may

choose to take more risks than others. However, none of these explanations are definitive.

63. If a person has fewer active dopamine receptors.____________________.

A. he is less likely to feel happy

B. he is more willing to take risks

C. he will eventually become dopamine - addictive

D. he is poorer at controlling the amount of dopamine

64. The underlined phrase “consistent with” is closest to “____________________” in meaning.

A. contrary to B. in agreement with C. at the cosplayt of D. persistent in

65. What can be concluded from paragraph 4?

A. The longing for pleasure may lead to risk taking.

B. A willingness to take more risks can be cultivated.

C. The sensation - seeking scale can help to evaluate risk.

D. High sensation - seekers are more common than low ones.

66. This passage mainly talks about____________________.

A. when we learn to take risks B. how risk - taking benefits us

C. what makes risk - takers D. why we should take risks

Section C

Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.

Sustainable Transport in Cities

Transport has always shaped cities. In Medieval times crossroads gave birth to blooming market towns. Many North American cities were created for the car. But how are the cities of today being shaped by a need for more sustainable transport?

Many local governments are speeding up change through policy initiatives such as joined transport, congestion charges and low emission zones, sustainable gaining and life-cycle cosplayting, and opening data up to companies and academics. And these city level policies can move markets in more sustainable directions.     67     This ha resulted in five vehicle manufacturers committing to meeting that deadline, which is both in their own commercial interests and good for the environment.

The least dense cities, for example, Houston, have per capita（人均价）carbon emissions

nearly ten times higher than the densest, such as Singapore.    68    This involves gathering     mixed use developments around a key transport center, as with the KL Central area in Kuala Lumpur, built around the largest railway station in Southeast Asia.

____________________69__________Others are using motivations and behavioural change to encourage people to

choose more efficient -- and often healthier -- forms of transport. Copenhagen has a number of progressive cycling policies including the Green Wave, which allows people cycling at 20km /h to hit all green lights during rush hour.

Light weighing and new engine and fuel technologies are helping to make existing road and rail vehicles more efficient.  70   The main options are hydrogen fuel cells, fossil fuel   hybrids, and electric vehicles, and the best solution may well vary from city to city.

Ⅳ. Summary Writing

Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.

online “friends” -- a threat to development

The impact of technology on the nature of our friendships has been a much - debated TOPic since the dramatic rise of social networks. Advances in mobile technology and social networking websites mean we spend more time online than ever before. It is therefore not surprising that so many psychologists, sociologists, and others are eager to give their thoughts on how this is impacting negatively on our society.

There is one element of social networking that is deeply worrying. We find ourselves in a hyper - connected world where people access social media day and night, excited to make announcements about the tiniest details of their lives. Research is starting to show that this culture is negatively affecting not our friendships but our character. Professor Larry D. Rosen says that young people who overuse social networking sites can become ineffective, and display anti - social behavior in their offline lives. But perhaps an even more disturbing effect is that one of our most basic emotions seems to be disappearing -- empathy. This is the emotion that allows us to see the world from our friends’ points of view. Without it, we are far less able to connect and form meaningful adult relationships.

Professor Sherry Turkle suggests that people are no longer comfortable being alone. This is something confirmed by a study where 200 university students were asked to go without social media for 24 hours. Many admitted an addiction to their online social network; most complained that they felt cut off from family and friends. And yet being alone is a time when we self-reflect and

get in touch with who we really are. It is only when we do this that we can make meaningful

friendships with others.

These potential changes in our characters are rather alarming, so it is clear that we can’t neglect those negative impacts of social networks.

第Ⅱ卷

Ⅴ. Translation

Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.

这类安全手段仍将继续推行至下月初。

健全自我是一个抽象的理想，没办法勉励一些学生真的对抗惰性。 

因为缺少受过专业练习的教师，一些美国学校非常难加入汉语教学的角逐。

现在，患者能非常便捷地下载他们的医疗记录以获得诸如测试结果之类的信息，大大节省了时间和人力。

Ⅵ. 76. Guided Writing

Directions: Write an English composition in 120 -150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.

假设你是李明，你校正在进行高三的课程微调，筹备将周三下午的第四节课设置

为“艺术赏析类课程”或者“学科拓展类课程”，现广泛征求高中三年级同学的建议。请发一封邮件至校长信箱（邮件中请勿出现真实的校名和名字），你的邮件内容需包含：

你建议校方设置以上两类课程中的哪一类；

你的原因；

你期望此类课程包括什么内容。