考试知识点64 书面表达日记
高考考试频度：★★★★★
日记是用来记录一天中所发生的有意义的、值得记录的事件。在日记中，大家会对事件发表议论，讲解一下我们的态度或领会。日记中所记录的事情可以是我们的直接历程也可以是描述别人的事情。日记的类型有非常多种，从体裁角度，可以分为记事型日记和议论型日记。记事型日记是以某种顺序描述某一件事情发生进步的过程。而议论型日记是针对当天的某一事件或某一现象表明我们的怎么看或态度。
日记的篇章结构可以从以下几个角度入手：第一要对所发生的事件或现象进行描述。根据事件进步的先后顺序进行，适合添加对天气或景物或心情的描述。第二要发表感想或议论，针对事件进行感悟或议论性的描述，以使文章有所立意。最后要对将来提出展望或推断，或表示决心、态度、看法、意图、希冀等。
写好英文日记应该注意以下几个方面：
1. 日记的格式
英文日记一般由书端和正文两个部分组成。日记常以第一人称记下当天日常的所见、所闻、所做或所想的事情。中、英文的日记三格式大致一样。英语日记的书端是专门写日记的日期、星期和天气的。左上角是日期、星期。右上角写上当天的天气状况，如：Sunny，Fine，Rainy，Windy，Snowy，Cloudy等。
（1）日期表达有多种形式。年、月、日都写时，一般以月、日、年为顺序，月份可以缩写，日和年用逗号隔开。比如：
A)September 1，2017或September 1st，2017也可省略写成Sept. 1，2017或Sept. 1st，2017;the 1st of September in 2004
B)只有月、日：September 1或September 1st
C)只有年、月：September 2004或the September of 2004
以上的1或1st都应读作the first.
（2）星期也可以省略不写，可将它放在日期前或后，星期和日期之间不需要标点，但要空一格，星期也可缩写。如：
Saturday，October 22nd，2004;October 22nd，2004 Saturday
（3）天气状况必不可少。天气一般用一个形容词如：Sunny，Fine，Rainy，Snowy 等表示。写在日期之后，用逗号隔开，坐落于日记的右上角。如：
Saturday，March 4，2017，Windy;1st January，2017，Fine
2. 日记的时态：因为日记是对当天所发生事情的回顾，故常用一般过去时。在发表议论或感想时，也可用目前完成时或一般以后时。
3. 日记的人称：由于日记是记载我们的亲身历程，故应用第一人称，语言尽可能口语化，根据事情发生的先后顺序，了解、准确、连贯地把事情表达出来。
【写作模板】
Today/Yesterday, I/we .
In the morning, we ______________; then ______________; after that______________ . By the time we had a good time. Finally . I’ll never forget the memorable day! ______________________________________
From this activity, I have learned that/I think . ______________
假定你是李华，昨天你参加了你校举办的以"我最喜欢的一本书"为主题的英语演讲比赛。请你写一篇英语日记，要素如下：
1.描述当时比赛的状况；
2.你的表现和感受。
注意：
1.词数120左右；
2.可以适合增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Friday 2nd May 2014 Fine
Yesterday afternoon I attended the English speech contest held by my school. The TOPic of it is "The book I like best".
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Friday 2nd May 2014 Fine
Yesterday afternoon I attended the English speech contest held by my school. The TOPic of it is "The book I like best".
When I knew that the first five candidates performed very well, I felt a little worried. At the thought of the words "I can do it", I became calm a lot. Soon it was my turn, when I said "The book I like best is Three Days to See written by Helen Keller. From the book, I realize that it would be an excellent rule to live happily each day as if we should die tomorrow." my teachers and classmates cheered for me. I gained much confidence and went on to do my best. Finally I won first prize.
Be happy every day and try my best to do everything. I’ll keep it in my mind and make it come true.
【分析】本篇是关于日记的写作，同时也是一篇半开放性的写作。文章要记述你校举办的以"我最喜欢的一本书"为主题的英语演讲比赛。话题对学生来讲比较熟知，但要依据提示合理发挥，拓展主题。具体来讲，文章内容应包含以下三个方面：别的演讲同学发挥得好，对你所产生的影响；当轮到你作演讲时，你的表现怎么样；我们的感受是什么。如此文章才可以连贯通顺。特别应该注意的是，因为文章是日记体，所以文章中的时态以"一般过去时"为主。
假设你是红星中学高中三年级班的学生李华,校报英文版正在拓展"续写雷锋日记"活动。请依据以下四幅图的先后顺序,将你所做的一件好事以日记形式记述下来,向校报投稿。
注意：
1.日记的开头已为你写好。
2.词数100左右。
Saturday, June 2Fine
This morning,___________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【思路点拨】
这是一篇看图写作，一共四幅图。做题时：1. 认真读图，可知四幅图体现了你所做的一件好事，2. 初步构思，考虑用词、短语、句型和时态。3. 连词成句，然后再连句成文。尽量地充分借助所学的短语或句型来表述具体的内容。4. 反复审核，修改错误。5. 注意所给的汉语提示。一般说来，看图写话中的汉语提示总是给定了有关的时间、地址、人物等有关的信息，还有参考词语都是有用信息。在把握了文章的中心后，应在内心构思一个基本的框架，并考虑用适合的词汇、短语和句型，以充分地表达文章的内容。这是体现自己能力的要紧一环。然后再将各图的单个句子串连起来。串连时，应该注意用适合的连接词汇或过渡性语句，不至于让读者感觉文章中出现跳跃现象，更使上下文更为紧凑、自然。
【范本赏析】
Saturday, June 2Fine
This morning, when I was walking on the street, I saw that two travelers were reading a map, looking puzzled. It seemed they were lost. I went up to them and asked how I could help. They told me they were looking for the Temple of Heaven. I led them to the nearby bus sTOP and advised them to take Bus No. 20, which could take them there directly. They appreciated my help greatly. Before long, the bus came. We waved goodbye to each other. Seeing them on the bus, I felt a kind of satisfaction.
Writing 1（甘肃会宁县2020届高中三年级第四次月考）
12月9日，星期天上午，你们班同学到学校附近的会师园组织了一次环保活动。请依据下表内容，写一篇日记发表你对此次活动的怎么看。
1组 | 扫除：清理废纸，烟蒂，塑料袋等废弃物 |
2组 | 宣传：树立标牌，告诉游客要爱惜花木 |
3组 | 演讲：向游客宣传"白色污染"的危害与保护环境的重要程度 |
你的怎么看 | …… |
注意：
1.日记需要包含表内所有些内容，可以适合增加细节，使内容连贯。
2. 日记格式及首句已给出，不列入总词数。
3. 词数：100词左右
4. 参考词语：烟蒂 cigarette end
December 9, Sunday Fine
This morning our class organized an environmental protection activity in the nearby Huishi park. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Writing 2（广东广州2019届高中三年级普高毕业班综合测试）
你校昨天举行了年度校园“科技节” (Science vertical-align:middle;">1. 科技节的主要内容；
2. 你所参加的活动及缘由；
3. 你的感想。
注意：1. 词数100左右；
2. 可以适合增加细节，以使行文连贯。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Writing 1
【范本】
December 9, Sunday Fine
This morning our class organized an environmental protection activity in the nearby Huishi park. On arriving there, we were divided into three groups. The first group collected the rubbish ,such as the waste paper, cigarette ends, plastic bags and so on. The second group set up several boards to remind the visitors to take care of the flowers and trees. The last group gave a speech to the visitors on the danger of “white pollution” and the importance of protecting the environment.
I think it is very important for us to protect the environment .For the sake of people’s health and happiness ,measures should be taken to control and prevent pollution and everyone should make a contribution to it.
Writing 2
【范本】
May 15th, Sunny
Dear Diary
Our school held the annual “Science vertical-align:middle;">I took part in the “create your own robot” competition, which was a great learning opportunity. The hand-on experience really helped me to better understand the theory behind robotics.
Thanks to the festival, I have a much clearer understanding of technology and its applications than before. It has motivated me to focus on science as a career, and hopefully make a meaningful contribution to our society.
I can’t wait for the next festival.
