一
单选解题办法
1. 直接法
直接借助有关语法常识,通过题干中的已供信息,捕捉到解题线索,从而得出正确答案的解题办法。例:
——Will you come to the net barswith me?
——Sorry. My mother always tells me there.
A. not go
B. go
C. not to go
D. to go
【分析】依据句意可知此题考查动词不定式的否定形式,即tell sb. not to do sth.,故此题应选C。
2. 关键字法
很多题目中都有如此一些词,它们对于迅速而准确地断定答案起着至关要紧有哪些用途。大家称这类词为关键字key words。找到句中的关键字,也就找到知道题的突破口,例:
He hardly hurt himself in the accident, ?
A. didn't he
B. did he
C. does he
【分析】该题中hardly与hurt是起关键字用途的。凡陈述部分含有hardly, never, little, few等否定意义的词时,反意疑问句用一定形式;而hurt一词的过去式与原形相同,此处hurt未加s,应为过去式。因此本题答案B是正确的。
3. 类推法
假如对题目的备选答案没十分把握或把握非常小,可以借助"假如A对,那样B也对"的类推法,从而可将A、B予以否定,例:
——Who's the man at the door?
—— .
A. He is a doctor
B. He is a friend of mine
C. He is a famous singer
D. He is twenty
【分析】仔细剖析备选答案就可发现:A、C选项针对的是"职业"。若A是对的,那样C也会是对的。D回答的是年龄。故惟有B才是正确的。
4. 前后照应法
此办法多用于两个以上句子或对话形式命题的题目。解题前透彻理解,然后联系上下文,捕捉隐含信息,方能准确找出答案,例:
——He isn't a teacher, is he?
—— . He works in a hospital.
A. Yes, he is
B. No, he isn't
C. Yes, He isn't
D. No, he is
【分析】本题考查否定句的反意疑问句的回答。由后半句的回答,大家了解"他"的身份不是教师;对反意疑问句的回答要依据实质状况。因此应选择的是B。
5. 排除法
依据题干提供的信息,先把一眼就看出的干扰项排除,缩小选择范围,然后将剩余的选项填入空白处进行检验,分辨真假,例:
The girl asked the teacher .
A. what does the museum looks like
B. what did the museum look like
C. what the museum looks like
D. what the museum looked like
【分析】本题主要考查宾语从句中的语序准时态的对应关系。主句动词是过去时,从句的谓语动词也应是过去时的某种时态,故A、C被排除。而B中有词序错误,所以D为正确答案。
6. 交际法
此办法可用交际用语,联系上下文直接解题,例:
——Would you like to have another cup of tea?
—— .
A. Yes, I do
B. Not al all
C. No, thanks
D. Help yourself
【分析】本题主要考查简答交际用语的应答。对其他人的邀请,假如表示不同意时,应委婉说出,不可以断然拒绝。因此,选C是最好答案。
二
思维定式解题误区
思维定势,指的是大家习惯性的思维方法。学生在做题时总是会受固定搭配,习惯使用方法等思维方法的影响,凭借经验或感觉迅速解题。
当然,这有益于提升解题速度,但有时也会把学生的思维引向“歧路”。现举例剖析,以引起大伙注意。如:
1. Shanghai is larger than ___________ city in Jiangsu.
A. any
B. any other
C. other
D. one
【分析】仔细剖析该题,就会发现本句中两个比较的双方Shanghai和Jiangsu是“相互不包括”关系。此句实质是Shanghai与Jiangsu的任一个城市进行比较,故选A。
2. There are a lot __________ apples in this basket than in that one.
A.most
B.more
C.of
D.much
【分析】此题学生总是会受短语a lot of的影响而选C,仔细研读该题则会发现此句是一个比较句型,句中的a lot事实上是用来修饰比较级的,该题的正确答案为B。
3. What did you ___________ at the meeting yesterday?
A.speak
B.tell
C.say
D.talk
【分析】这道题学生一看会依据“在会上发言,speak at the meeting”这一短语而选A。事实上这一句的意思是“你昨天在会上讲什么了?”疑问词what在句中作动词say的宾语,指说的内容,故选取答案C。
4. The bus is coming. Let's___________.
A. get it on
B. get it off
C. get on it
D. get it off
【分析】此题容易受“动词+副词”短语的影响,把代词放在此结构的中间,而选答案A。表示上/下车时,此时on/off是介词,需要把代词放在on/off的后面,所以答案为C。
5. I'd heard a lot _________England. Some things were as I thought.
A. of
B. about
C. to
D. for
【分析】此题表面一看非常简单,依据短语a lot of 选答案A。再看看句意,“我听说很多英国”,则发现正确答案为B,意为“听到不少有关英国的状况,有的正如我想的一样”。
6. ——Must I finish the work before five o'clock?
——No. You ___________ finish it before eight.
A. mustn't
B. needn't
C. can't
D. can
【分析】对must引导的一般疑问句否定回答常用No,you needn't.结构。但细细剖析本句,就能从标点看出No和它后面的部分实为两个句子,结合句意,可知答案为D。
7. There ________a film tomorrow evening.
A. will have
B. have
C. is going to be
D. has
【分析】此句意思非常明显,“明天晚上有电影”。“有”易受汉语影响而选答案A。事实上本句应用There be句型,应选择C。
三
解题的需要注意的地方
1. 认真地阅读题干,就算是无需填空的句子。
2. 熟记语法常识、固定短语、习惯使用方法。
3. 注意区别同(近)意词、同(近)意短语。
4. 掌握探寻并发现题目中的重点或隐含信息。
5. 注意解题办法的熟练运用
单项选择题的解题方法和办法有非常多种。但,并非一个题目只能运用一种办法,有时需要两种办法同时运用,这就需要熟练学会各种办法的特征,以便能灵活运用。
解单项选择题还需灵活运用所学常识,对句子的结构和意义加以适当的剖析和理解,如此才能得出正确答案。
易错题大全
1. ________ it is today!
A. What fine weather
B. What a fine weather
C. How a fine weather
D. How fine a weather
分析:选A. 此题容易误选B. weather是不可数名词,前面不可以有不定冠词。英语中常常考查的不可数名词有work, news, adivice, information等。
2. Which is the way to the __________?
A. shoe factory
B. shoes factory
C. shoe’s factory
D. shoes’ factory
分析:选A. 此题极易误选B, C, D. 英语中名词单数可以修饰名词,如:an apple tree—two apple trees. 但注意 a man teacher—two men teachers。
3. This class ________ now. Miss Gao teaches them.
A. are studying
B. is studying
C. be studying
D. studying
分析:选A. 此题容易误选B. class, family, team等单词假如表示整体谓语就用单数,表示个体就用复数,从语境及其后面的代词them可以看出,class表示个体,故选择A。
4. We will have a _________ holiday after the exam.
A. two month
B. two-month
C. two month’s
D. two-months
分析:选择B. 此题容易误选C, D. 在英语中数词中间用连字符号加名词单数,构成符合名词,在句中只能作定语, 假如选择C, 需要把逗号放s后面。
5. There is no enough ________ on the corner to put the table.
A. place
B. room
C. floor
D. ground
分析:选B. 此题最易误选A.。room在句中是空间而非房间。句意:角落里没摆桌子的空间了。
6. We can have _____ blue sky if we create _____ less polluted world.
A. a; a
B. a; the
C. the; a
D. the; the
分析:选A. 此题容易误选C, D. 依据句意:假如大家创造一个没污染的世界,那样大家就用一个蓝色的天空。
7. — Are you ________ American or English?
— English. We are working in Wuhu.
A. a
B.不填
C. the
D. an
分析:选B 此题容易误选D. 句中American是形容词而非名词,假如句中改为Are you __________ or an English man? 就选择D。
8. You like playing basketball, and he likes running, _______?
A. don’t you
B. doesn’t he
C. do you
D. does he
分析:选择B. 此题容易误选A. 其实不是对前面的句中进行反问,而是对he likes running进行反问。
9. —Why not take ____ umbrella with the sign “ Made in China”? It is _____ useful umbrella.
—What _______ good advice it is!
A. an; an; a
B. an; a; 不填
C. a; an; a
D. 不填; an; a
分析:选B. 大部分学生容易做错此题。记住an用在元音音素前而不是元音字母前,记住了这一点就了解了an umbrella 和a useful umbrella. 在最后一句中advice是不可数名词,前面不可以接不定冠词。故选择B。
10. —When shall we meet again next week?
— ____ day is possible. It’s no problem with me.
A. Either
B. Neither
C. Every
D. Any
分析:此题很难,选D. 下周任何一天都可以第三见面。Any在一定句中意思是“任何的”。下周有七天容易排除A, B. 假如把next week 改为next Monday or Tuesday, 则需要选择A。
11. Robert has gone to ____ city and he’ll be back in a week.
A. other
B. the other
C. another
D. any other
分析:选C. 三个以上另外一个用another, other通常情况下修饰名词复数, the other表示两个中的另外一个,any other任何别的。句意:罗伯特去了另一个城市,一周后回来。
12.—A latest magazine, please.
—Only one left. Would you like to have ________?
A. it
B. one
C. this
D. that
分析:选A. 此题容易误选B. 依据句意:— 买一份最新报纸,—只剩下一份了,你要买这份吗?据此大家了解指的就是手里的那份报纸,并非同一类事物。
13. —Which book would you like to borrow?
—_______ of the two books is OK with me.
A. Either
B. Both
C. Any
D. None
分析:选A. 此题容易误选B. 依据two books好容易排除C, D. 从谓语动词单数is 大家排除B。故选择A。
14. Mrs. Lee teaches ________ math. We all like her.
A. we
B. us
C. our
D. ours
分析:选B. 考查学生对teach sb sth。的学会状况。此题容易误选C. 误选C的学生是看见后面有名词math, 思维定势名词前面需要用形容词性物主代词。
15. There are many trees on ________ side of the street.
A. either
B. any
C. all
D. both
分析:选A. 此题容易误选D. 街道只有两边,排除B, C. both后面接复数,on either side of the strreet等于on the both sides of. 。假如选择D. side需要用复数形式。
16.________ is the population of the city?
A. How many
B. What
C. How many people
D. How much
分析:B. 此题容易误选A, C. 人口多少用What. 等于How many people are there in the city?
17. —Why don’t we take a little break?
— Didn’t we just have _______ ?
A. it
B .that
C. one
D. this
分析:选 C. 相同种类事物用one. 句意:—为何大家不休息一会儿?—刚刚大家不是才休息吗?
18. The teacher asked the boy many questions,but he only answered___ of them.
A.some
B.lots
C.each
D.few
分析:A. 此题会误选D. 但前面有only, 假如去掉副词则选D。
19.about ______ the fans are waiting here. They want to see the great singer.
A. two thousand of
B.two thousand
C.thousand of
D.two thousands of
分析:选D. 此题极容易选错,误觉得是B. 但two thousand后面直接接名词复数,不可以有冠词the, 句意是:歌迷中大约有2000人在那里等,想看看这位伟大的歌星。
20. —How many apples do I have?
— You can have ______. I want none of them.
A. one
B. all
C. both
D.some
分析:选B. 学生易误选A , D. 其实假如没I want none of them这句话,四个答案都是对的。从句意:我一个也不想要,就了解你可以吃所有苹果。
21.Japan is ________ the east of China. Taiwan is ____ the southeast of China.
A. in; in
B. to; in
C. on ; to
D. in; to
分析:选B. 日本坐落于中国东部用to, 台湾坐落于中国东部用in。
22.The postman shouted, “ Mr Green, here is a letter ________ you.”
A. to
B. from
C. for
D. of
分析:选C. 介词的考查。句意:Mr Green, 这是你的信。学生容易误选A。
23.He hasn’t heard from his friend __________ last month.
A. since
B. by the end of
C. for
D. until
分析:A. 此题学生容易受思维定势not… until…的影响误选D。since用于目前完成时,假如此题是一般过去时就选择D。
24.—Jimmy lost his key yesterday.
—________? It’s his third time in just one month.
A. Has he
B. Did he
C. Was he
D. Does he
分析:B. 依据上一句一般过去时可以判断。
25.You’ve passed the exam. I’m happy ______ you.
A. on
B. at
C. in
D. for
分析:选D. 句意:你考试及格了,我为你开心。
26. I wonder ________ they finished so many different jobs in such a short time.
A. why
B. how
C. when
D. where
分析:选B. 句意:我想了解他在这样短的时间内是如何完成这么多不同工作的。
27. —Ought I to go right now?
—_________.
A. That’s very bad.
B. Yes, you go ought to
C. Yes, you ought
D. No, you ought not to
分析:选D. 句子的一定回答为:Yes, you ought to. 否定回答为:No, you ought not to.
28. I don’t know when he ________. When he _______ here, I’ll call you in a minute.
A. will come; will arrive
B. comes; arrices
C. will come; arrives
D. comes; will arrive
分析:选C. 第一句是宾语从句依据语境用一般以后时,第二句是时间状语从句,因为主句是一般以后时,那样从句要用一般目前时来代替。
29. He turned ________ the radio a little because his father was asleep.
A. on
B. down
C. up
D. off
分析:选B. 此题学生会误选D. 但后面有个副词短语a little, 故选择B, 意为:把收音机调小一点,爸爸在睡觉。假如去掉a little则选择D。
30. I don’t know the homework _______ today.
A. on
B. in
C. of
D. for
分析:选D. 句意:我不了解今天的家庭作业。
31. —Would you like some coffee?
—Yes, and please get me some milk. I prefer coffee _____ milk.
A. with
B. to
C. of
D. on
分析:A. 此题学生极易受思维定势prefer… to… 的影响误选B。句意:我喜欢加牛奶的咖啡。
32. They each ___ a book. Each of them ___ from China.
A. has;are
B. have; is
C. are having;are
D. is having;is
分析:选B. 此题考查主谓一致。此题应该用一般目前时,排除C, D. each作同位语谓语动词与主语维持一致,each做主语谓语动词用单数。
33. — __________ you ________ your book to the library?
— Yes. I returned it yesterday.
A. Did, return
B. Have, returned
C. Will, return
D. Do, return
分析:选择B. 此题容易误选A. 从句意看:你把书归还图书馆了吗?是的。我昨天归还了。对目前的影响是“书不在这儿了”。
34. Though it’s cloudy now, it _________ get sunny later.
A. can
B. may
C. must
D. need
分析:选B. 表示可能性用may. Can主要表示两种使用方法,一种是表示能力,另外一种是请求许可; must需要;need需要。
35.It is in the library, you _______ talk loudly.
A. may not
B. can’t
C. needn’t
D. mustn’t
分析:选D。mustn’t表示禁止,不准。依据句意:在图书馆,禁止大声说话。
36. If anyone wants to say something in class, you ________ put up your hands first.
A. must
B. may
C. should
D. can
分析:选C。句意:课堂上假如你想说点东西,你应该举手。
37.The pen _________ him ten yuan.
A. paid
B. cosplayt
C. took
D. spent
分析:选B. 动词辨析。主语是物用cosplayt. Pay, spend的主语是人。Take的形式主语是it。
38. The train _________ for twenty minutes.
A. left
B. has left
C. is leaving
D. has been away
分析:选D. 此题形式会误选B. 但瞬间性动词不可以与一段时间for twenty minutes连用。
39. — How many books _____ they ________?
— Five. But they haven’t finished reading even one.
A. did…borrow
B. had…borrowed
C . will…borrow
D. do…borrow
分析:选A。此题考查时态,依据语境:他们一本也没读完。可知他们以前借了5本书。强调过去。
40. He _________ his bike,so he has to walk there.
A. lost
B. has lost
C. had lost
D. loses
分析:选B. 此题考查时态,依据语境他丢了自行车,对目前导致的影响是不能不走路。